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   2017| January  | Volume 1 | Issue 1  
    Online since January 16, 2018

 
 
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Effects of active recovery on muscle function following high-intensity training sessions in elite olympic weightlifters
Christian Raeder, Thimo Wiewelhove, Christoph Schneider, Alexander Döweling, Michael Kellmann, Tim Meyer, Mark Pfeiffer, Alexander Ferrauti
January 2017, 1(1):3-12
This study investigated whether the repeated use of an active recovery (ACT) program is beneficial for promoting recovery of muscle function during an intensive training phase in elite Olympic weightlifters. Using a crossover design, eight competitive weightlifters (7 male; 1 female) from the German national Olympic team participated in a two-day microcycle, comprising of four high-intensity training sessions, with either ACT or passive recovery (PAS) following the session. Barbell velocity during the clean pull, countermovement jump (CMJ) height, muscle contractile properties using tensiomyography (TMG), creatine kinase activity (CK), muscle soreness (DOMS) and perceived overall recovery and stress were measured. After termination of the microcycle, the sport-specific performance during all clean pull intensities (85% 1RM, ACT: Effect size (ES) = -0.20, PAS: ES = -0.50; 90% 1RM, ACT: ES = -0.29, PAS: ES = -0.35; 95% 1RM, ACT: ES = -0.41, PAS: ES = -020; P > 0.05) decreased. Both CK (ACT: ES = 2.11, PAS: ES = 1.41; P = 0.001) and DOMS (ACT: ES = 1.65, PAS: ES = 2.33; P = 0.052) considerably increased. Similarly, ratings of perceived recovery and stress were adversely affected in ACT and PAS, whereas changes in CMJ height and TMG muscle contractile properties remained trivial in both conditions. No practically meaningful differences in changes of the outcome measures were found between ACT and PAS, however there were variable individual responses to ACT. In conclusion, the short-term implementation of an individualized ACT program does not seem to enhance recovery from training-induced fatigue more effectively than PAS. However, because of the inter-individual variability in responses to ACT, it may be beneficial at the individual level.
[ABSTRACT]   Full text not available  [PDF]
  3,567 696 -
In-season analysis of the muscle response speed of knee extensors and flexors in elite futsal players
Francisco Piqueras-Sanchiz, Saúl Martín-Rodríguez, Jorge Miguel González-Hernández, Óscar García García
January 2017, 1(1):17-22
The purpose of this study was to use TMG for the assessment of lateral symmetries (LS) and muscle response speed (Vrn) in elite futsal players in accordance with the specific position of the players. A total of 23 male elite futsal players competing in the Spanish elite championship were assessed. Five muscles were analysed: biceps femoris (BF), rectus femoris (RF), semitendinosus (ST), vastus lateralis (VL), and vastus medialis (VM). All assessments were carried out during the same period (i.e., inseason competition and on the recovery day of the microcycle). An analysis of variance of one factor for playing position and for muscle factor were performed on the parameter obtained (Vrn) for BF, RF, ST, VL, and VM. Cohen's d effect sizes were used to identify statistical differences. The results show that there are no muscle function differences between the dominant and non-dominant limb and no differences in lateral symmetries between muscles. Many differences were found between muscles but very few ones were found between playing positions. In conclusion, Vrn seems to be a useful parameter to assess the neuromuscular characteristics of the knee extensor and flexor musculature in futsal players during the season.
[ABSTRACT]   Full text not available  [PDF]
  3,585 639 -
TECHNICAL REPORT
A standardised protocol for the assessment of lower limb muscle contractile properties in football players using tensiomyography
Ashley Jones, Karen Hind, Hannah Wilson, Mark I Johnson, Peter Francis
January 2017, 1(1):13-16
Tensiomyography is used to measure skeletal muscle contractile properties, most notably muscle displacement (Dm) and contraction time (Tc). Professional football medical departments are currently using the equipment to profile the muscle function of their squad and subsequently evaluate change due to injury or intervention. However, at present there are no published standardised operating procedures for identifying probe position for muscle assessment. In this technical report we propose standardised operating procedures for the identification of precise probe position as part of an on-going study in male professional footballers.
[ABSTRACT]   Full text not available  [PDF]
  3,069 679 -
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Voluntary contractile rate of torque development in healthy 50-70 year old women: Measurement of, association with functional tasks and response to an intervention
Peter Francis, William Mc Cormack, Mark Lyons, Philip Jakeman
January 2017, 1(1):23-29
This study aimed to measure contractile rate of torque development (RTD) from maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVC) of the knee extensors and flexors in order to determine reliability of the measure, report age-related difference in RTD, determine the association between RTD and selected functional tasks and determine the effect of progressive resistance training (PRT) on RTD in healthy 50-70y women. 136 women performed MVC's of the knee extensors and flexors. Maximal RTD was determined from the slope of the most linear phase of the torque-time trace. RTD was also determined at 0-50 ms; 0-100 ms and 0-200 ms from the onset of contraction in a subsample (n=26) of knee extensor MVC's. Functional capability was determined based on the ability to complete a 900 m gait speed test (n=128) and the number of chair rises completed in 30 seconds (n=68). 57 participants were randomised into a protein supplementation (PRO) control group or a PRO + PRT group for 12 weeks. Maximal RTD had a coefficient of variance of . 17%. RTD became more dependent on maximal strength as the time from the onset of contraction increased as did its association with maximal RTD. On average, participants in the 7th decade of life had a lower (~23%; P<0.01) RTD than their younger counterparts in the 6th decade. RTD had a weak association with extended gait speed (r=-0.234; P=0.008) and was not associated with chair rise performance (r=0.076; P=0.540). RTD did not change in response to 12 weeks of PRT and PRO compared to a PRO only group (+9% vs. +13%; P>0.05). Maximal RTD cannot be measured reliably in healthy 50-70 year old women from the most linear slope of the torque-time trace of an isometric MVC. Age-related difference in maximal RTD appears to be greater than that of maximal strength. Maximal RTD has a weak association with functional capability and does not change in response to PRT in healthy 50-70 year old women.
[ABSTRACT]   Full text not available  [PDF]
  2,907 573 -
EDITORIAL
Editorial
Swarup Mukherjee
January 2017, 1(1):2-2
Full text not available  [PDF]
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